In the next couple of weeks, Bruce Green would travel back and forth between ILM and MFE (Modern Film Effects — the company responsible for the effects of the trailer like the exploding logo) to get the teaser ready. It was fully approved by Lucas in early December and ready for review by Fox. Fox even went as far as trying to change the title of the movie, but that never happened because nobody ever gave Lucas acceptable title alternatives.
The teaser was finally released in cinemas during the Christmas season, and receptions were a bit of a mixed bag with some people becoming curious for the movie while critics said it would never work. Perhaps the most important comedy element of "History of the World" is that it doesn't have a linear story. It is a series of sketches covering the Stone Age, the Old Testament, the Roman Empire, the Spanish Inquisition and the French Revolution, closing with a mock teaser trailer for the nonexistent sequel. Consequently, like the similarly intellectual sketch comedy film "Monty Python's The Meaning of Life" , "History of the World" is freed from all narrative constraints and able to tackle its subject on a more ambitious conceptual level. While "The Meaning of Life" is about philosophy, however, "History of the World" is about history. Brooks casts his comedic eye at humanity's past and, if the sketches are any evidence, seems to view our story as one of big guys keeping little guys down.
Mel Brooks brings his one-of-a-kind comic touch to the history of mankind covering events from the Old Testament to the French Revolution in a series of episodic comedy vignettes. Mel Brooks brings comic lunacy to the history of mankind covering events from the Old Testament to the French Revolution in a series of episodic comedy vignettes. With the production in a mad rush to finish the special effects, Charles Lippincott was busy promoting the movie at conventions and by other means like the novelization and the Marvel comic that was in development. Lippincott met with Lucas, Kurtz, assistant optical editor Bruce Green and three ad agency people in November 26, 1976, to talk about the trailer's storyboard and everything that was needed to make a rough cut.
This was finished a mere three days later and talks began about what needed to be changed and what music would be heard in the trailer. Over the next fifteen years, trailers became some of the most popular forms of entertainment on the web. Trailer announcements litter blogs and Twitter feeds, complete with reactions, recaps, and reviews. Just searching for the trailer for the Amy Schumer comedyTrainwreck features search suggestions like "Trainwreck trailer reaction" and "Trainwreck trailer review" as well as a non-skippable ad for another movie, Pixar's Inside Out. Perhaps, for the first time ever, people watch commercials for fun.
While we focus on teasers and trailers in this article, it is noteworthy to mention this particular TV spot which was shown during the first theatrical release of the movie. This was the first time we saw the Ewoks in a trailer and it even features a quick shot of Palpatine, the other character who was kept a secret until the release of the movie. The idea of luring customers back to the theater was the birth of modern movie marketing.
Serials opened the door to previewing other pieces of entertainment. In November of 1913, Nil Granlund, an advertising manager for Loew's Theaters, devised and shot an ad for the Broadway musical The Pleasure Seekers, which was playing at the Winter Garden theater in New York. Granlund's trailer caught the attention of Loews owner, Marcus Loew, who set about having Granlund make more of these short advertisements. By 1914, he was making trailers for Charlie Chaplin, then one of the world's biggest stars and a marketing revolution began. In general, Brooks' films aren't exactly noted for their political correctness—after all, the director's very first film was about an Adolf Hitler musical. Still, even he wondered if the breakout song in History of the World had finally crossed a line.
"I don't know how audiences are going to react to the Spanish Inquisition sequence," Brooks told Mademoiselle. As he put it, trying to get a laugh out of any scene that involved "Jews on racks" could be "very dangerous." In the end, history repeated itself. After The Producers was released, Jewish leaders contacted Brooks en masse with complaints about the film's brazen Nazi gags.
Thanks to that big inquisition number, History of the World, Part 1 garnered a similar reaction. For all of those who fell asleep with boredom during history at school this is the movie to fill in the gaps, as seen by Mel Brooks. Brooks is joined by several comic genius' including Gregory Hines and Dom DeLuise and the result is something very special. Released in 1982, this teaser showed many scenes from the movie, introducing us to new characters like Jabba the Hutt and Admiral Ackbar, while also reintroducing us to heroes and villains from the previous movies. An identical version of this teaser with the new title,Return of the Jedi, was released later that same year.
This version can be seen on the DVD and the official Star Wars YouTube channel. I'm also not able to accurately represent "the world" in my writing. That's not to say that I don't want to try my hardest to make this for as diverse audience as possible – but that I'm admitting the hard truth – I'm one white woman, and I bring my own cultural bias to this project. And I can't solve this through research – because the sheer volume of research needed to ensure I am covering voices, views, history and philosophy from across the world throughout time is enormous.
History of the World continues the same pattern from High Anxiety offering up BD-exclusive content including an isolated score (in DTS-HD MA), trailers, a trivia track and about 20 minutes of featurettes. The first featurette, "Musical Mel" looks at the film's musical numbers while discussing Mel's love of musical theater. Finally, "Making History" takes us through a brief, but insightful, look at the production. Three years later, it could be argued that trailers became bigger than movies themselves.
The teaser to The Phantom Menace boosted ticket sales to whatever movie it was attached, and for some reason, it was attached to Meet Joe Black. Still, most Meet Joe Black ticket holders probably haven't seen the movie. As the New York Times reported, "Theaters showing films like The Waterboy, The Siege and Meet Joe Black were crammed with people—mostly young men—who paid full admission just to see the trailer and left when the movie began." The Jaws' trailer is very close to what most movie trailers would become, three-minute mini-movies that show the audience exactly what they're getting into.
You can see this evolution clearly when comparing the trailers for the first three Dirty Harry movies. For as long as there have been movies, there have been attempts to get people into movie theaters. Please note that the YouTube teaser trailer differs from the one seen on the DVD box set.
While many of the shots are the same, the YouTube version does not include the sliding-frames effect that was used in a slightly different way from the The Empire Strikes Back trailers. Presumably to quench the thirst for anything new from the sequel to Star Wars, the production of The Empire Strikes Back decided to quickly release a teaser despite having not yet shot any footage. Instead the audience was treated with quick shots and extreme close-ups from various works of Ralph McQuarrie, whose work once again became very important to promote a Star Wars movie. With the teaser designed to showcase the spirit of the movie and the strange new worlds, the launch trailer made sure to cover the story of Luke Skywalker, who was just a farmboy until he received a mysterious message from a princess.
In fact, the trailer gives almost everything away because you see both the rescue of Leia and the escape from the Death Star, as well as a quick shot of the Death Star exploding after quite a few Battle of Yavin shots. One can think of this as strange, but consider that in the '70s you could not constantly re-watch or freeze trailers like we can today and overanalyze what we see. Plus with the novelization out as early as December 1976, it obviously wasn't important to keep the story that much of a secret. The history of our world, the history of thought and repeated events, belongs to many voices, views and cultures. It sounds obvious, but unless I elected to learn about history outside of the West, it barely registered on the core curriculum of whichever country I was in.
Since then and even around my formal education, I was fascinated by many different times and places and so self-educated myself where there was time and resources. But still…my own knowledge of "the history of the world" is woefully limited. I'm blinded by a Euro-centric education, by my own bias towards my culture's history, my own intrinsic heritage and the stories I absorbed from my earliest years. When you're constantly trying to push the envelope on the road, you need to innovate. As people took Airstream trailers to new and more challenging locales, they needed more. And Wally Byam fostered that, urging people to create what they needed when it didn't already exist.
In 1954, he convinced Mark Bowen of Bowen Water Heater Co. to develop the first hot water system ever in a trailer. The 1958 Airstream International was developed as the first-ever "self-contained" travel trailer – one with full freedom from external trailer hookups, like outside sources of power. With new capabilities, Airstreams could go farther for longer than ever before. Despite the preview, no sequel has been released, and the Part I of the films title is merely a historical joke. (The History of the World was a book about the ancient history of Greece and Rome, written by Sir Walter Raleigh while prisoner in the Tower of London; he had only managed to complete the first volume before being beheaded).
Trailers have changed dramatically over the years, from their one-note origins in old Hollywood to the high-stakes mini-movies they are today. It's a history defined by the business and artistic transformations in the film industry itself. In the following pages, we explore four eras of the movie trailer, each illustrated with an emblematic example of the period. From a production standpoint this is one of the more impressive Mel Brooks pictures, lots of those gorgeous matte paintings that would come up later in Spaceballs, and big set-pieces like the "Spanish Inquisition" musical number.
Comedically, though, this is Mel's "drunk dad" period, and while it's often very funny, it also feels a little too mean-spirited in parts. Probably not any more offensive than Blazing Saddles on paper, but where that movie had a very sturdy satirical framework for most of its vulgarity, this feels more like spitballs. Dad comedy legends like Jackie Mason and Henny Youngman get cameos, just in case there was any doubt on this point. On June 12, 1981—35 years ago today—Mel Brooks's irreverent take on the course of human events opened in theaters.
Though critics were thoroughly divided, History of the World, Part 1 grossed a respectable $31.6 million at the box office, and left countless viewers hungry for a sequel. These 11 footnotes should get you ready for a 35th anniversary screening. Brooks staples Dom DeLuise, Madeline Kahn, Harvey Korman, Cloris Leachman, Ron Carey, and Rudy De Luca star, while Gregory Hines does a great job with little time to rehearse, an emergency fill in. Multiple actors play numerous roles, including Brooks, who stars in every segment he's in. There is no fluff in the film, as it runs an incredibly taut hour and a half.
Frankly, the film is amazing, talking about it is silly, as it's much better to experience it, and with no better way to put it, you'd have to be a eunuch to not get a rise out of the film. Mel Brooks' uproarious version of history proves nothing is sacred as he takes us on a laugh-filled look at what really happened throughout time. Those are among mine as well, since they contain some of Brooks' most cheerfully vulgar gags. Brooks has never been one to shy away from vulgarity — once famously bragging that his films rise "below vulgarity" — and this perhaps partially explains "Part One"'slukewarm critical reception at the time it was released. First, even when it isn't making a larger point, it is often quite funny.
Brooks' big song-and-dance number about the Spanish Inquisition, for instance, holds up as hysterically tasteless in the tradition of Brooks' "Springtime for Hitler" in "The Producers" even if it doesn't have much depth. Take the wordplay that uses a 12-letter epithet to reference Oedipus, a character from Greek mythology; if you know the classics, you'll get the joke. The end of the film presents a mock teaser trailer for History of the World, Part II, narrated by Brooks, which promises to include Hitler on Ice, a Viking funeral, and "Jews in Space", a parody of Star Wars and The Muppet Show. A second trailer was made that features early looks at many sequences from the film, including more from the Battle of Hoth and the final duel between Luke and Darth Vader — something that was already mentioned in the first teaser.
A second teaser was released in the fall of 1979, which weirdly enough did not feature music from John Williams, but again used Vivaldi's Four Seasons. What's noticeable is a very quick shot of Luke pulling out his blaster and pointing it at Yoda, who quickly covers himself. However, the shot is over so quickly that without today's ability to pause a video, his character remains a secret.
Just like in the launch trailer for Star Wars, we are introduced to the heroes of the movie, but this time with sliding photo stills that are addressed by the name of the character instead of the name of the actors. While Yoda was kept a secret, we do learn of a new character called Lando Calrissian. As I struggle to draw boundaries around my research for Fractus I find myself musing how and why Mel Brooks choose those times to parody?
Clearly a big motivator was his personal view on which comical storylines he felt would be strongest. But coming from the writing perspective, I feel he must have thought long and hard about what his audience would have been most familiar with – only by intimately understanding the canon can you then understand the lampooning of it. Check out the first teaser trailer for House of The Dragon, the new Game of Thrones Prequel show coming to HBO Max in 2022. It's impossible not to compare the film to the recently released 2009 bore, Year One, and see how one film is a classic and one film is a bomb worthy of forgetting.
Both pictures give host to the same narrative, but one – even when it stumbles – is still often very, very funny. Even better, the tone, style and gags are constantly revolving – changing as the narrative does. Frederic M. Sibley, the lumber dealer who had asked Fruehauf to build that first trailer, asked Fruehauf to build additional trailers that he could use to transport products from his lumber yard. That led owners of other lumber yards to request similar trailers. Due to the popularity of his semi-trailers, August Fruehauf founded the Fruehauf Trailer Company in 1918.
Over time, it became the largest and most successful company manufacturing semi-trailers in the world. The Fruehauf Trailer Company became the Fruehauf Trailer Corporation in 1963, and that company was in business until 1989. He has an unhealthy obsession with Rocket League and loves YA movies, reality shows, and superheroes. He hopes to become a full time movie and T.V news writer one day.
As for the new trailers rolling off the line, it had been since 1969 that any major design change had been made. In 1994, the first redesign in almost 30 years was made, adding about five-and-a-half inches in width in addition to a total interior change. Along with changes to profile and structure and shape, these alterations made a bigger, more comfortable travel trailer, while maintaining performance and the classic design.
In addition to honoring Airstream's rich history, the 1990s saw a rededication to newer generations of travelers. To attract younger buyers, a new version of the 1950s Safari travel trailer was introduced. With a cost 20 percent less than its contemporaries, it was easier to afford while maintaining the quality Airstream demands.
And because it weighed 20 percent less than a traditional trailer, it could be towed by lighter vehicles. It was a hit, and quickly about half the Airstreams being sold were Safaris. As World War II drew to a close, Wally Byam was working as a certified manufacturing engineer and production supervisor at Curtis Wright Industries.
When the United States entered World War II after the attack on Pearl Harbor, aluminum became hard to come by. In fact, the government ordered that travel trailers could only be made as part of the war effort, not for public recreation. Wally saw Airstreams as a mode of travel – not a substitute for a house – so he decided to close up shop. For the duration of the war, Wally and many Airstream crew members found employment in various aircraft factories in California. The experience they got from working on military planes would end up serving Airstream quite well at war's end indeed.
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.